5 kW GaN-Based AC/DC Reference Design from EPC for AI Servers and Data Centers EL SEGUNDO, California — October 2025 — Efficient Power Conversion Corporation (EPC), the world leader in enhancement-mode gallium nitride (eGaN®) power devices, has announced a high-efficiency, high-power-density 5 kW AC-to-48 V DC GaN reference design developed to meet the demands of AI servers and next-generation data center power architectures. By combining the superior efficiency and compact form factor enabled by GaN technology, this new solution delivers a modern power conversion platform shaping the future of the industry.
The new reference design features a complete system architecture consisting of the EPC91107KIT 4-level Totem-Pole PFC and the EPC91110KIT ISOP LLC converter, achieving up to 96.5% system efficiency and a power density of 116 W/in³. Dimensioned to comply with Open Rack V3 (OCP ORv3) standards, this modular architecture requires significantly less space and offers a lower total system cost compared to conventional silicon-based designs, elevating energy management in data centers to a new level.
At the front end of the system, a 4-level flying-capacitor Totem-Pole PFC topology converts a 240 VAC input to a 400 VDC bus. Utilizing EPC2304 GaN FETs, this stage enables a PFC inductor that is nine times smaller, a 40% reduction in EMI filter size, and achieves up to 98.5% efficiency at the 5 kW power level.
The isolation stage employs an ISOP architecture composed of four modular 1.375 kW LLC converters, stepping the 400 V bus down to 50 VDC at a fixed conversion ratio, delivering a total output power of 5.5 kW with a peak efficiency of 98.2%.
As AI workloads continue to drive rapid increases in power demand, the high switching frequency and low losses of GaN technology provide critical advantages, including smaller passive components, reduced thermal requirements, and higher power density. EPC’s 5 kW reference design combines these benefits with a modular architecture scalable to 33 kW, 48 kW, and 108 kW power levels. As a result, it delivers a sector-leading solution for AI servers, data centers, and telecom power racks in terms of both energy efficiency and cost effectiveness.